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Heinrich Pesch, S.J. (17 September 1854 – 1 April 1926) was a Roman Catholic ethicist and economist in the Solidarist school.〔Wishloff, Jim. "Solidarist Economics: The Legacy of Heinrich Pesch," ''Review of Business'' 27 (2), 2006, pp. 33-46.〕〔Mueller, Franz H. "Social Economics: The Perspective of Pesch on Solidarism," ''Review of Social Economy'' 35 (3), 1977.〕〔Barron, Randall. "Solidarism and Heinrich Pesch," ''Forum for Social Economics'' 12 (1), 1982.〕〔Tomanek, Jared Q. ("Heinrich Pesch on Solidarist Economics," ) ''The Distributist Review,'' January 18, 2012.〕 His major work, ''Lehrbuch der Nationalökonomie'',〔"The monumental work of the German Jesuit Heinrich Pesch, ''Lehrbuch der Nationalökonomie,'' created an economic and social doctrine called ''solidarism''. Pesch based his economic analysis on the bond, factual and moral, which unites the members of society with one another and the social whole, and the whole with its members. Since man is a being not merely social by nature, but whose actual existence is always in a concrete social environment, the abstract theories of individualism can neither explain nor guide society; on the other hand the socialist theories which tend toward denial and destruction of individual life make an equally unreal abstraction. Solidarism, a mean between these extremes, bases social unity on human nature and the common good. Since solidarism is a directive or ethical principle as well as an explicative principle it must be based on moral reality. The moral principle of social life is the common good. The basis of solidarism is the principle of the mutual rights and duties of society and its members. Pesch called this principle social justice." — Shields, Leo W. (''The History and Meaning of the Term Social Justice,'' ) Thesis (Ph. D.) University of Notre Dame, 1941, p. 37.〕 is generally regarded as a source for Pope Pius XI's social encyclical ''Quadragesimo anno''.〔Grosschmid, Geza B. "Pesch's Concept of the Living Wage in 'Quadragesimo Anno'," ''Review of Social Economy'' 12 (2), 1954.〕〔Ederer, Rupert J. "Heinrich Pesch, Solidarity, And Social Encyclicals," ''Review of Social Economy'' 49 (4), 1991.〕〔Krason, Stephen M. ("Principles of Heinrich Pesch's Solidarism," ) ''The Catholic Social Science Review'' 14, 2009, pp. 477-483.〕 ==Biography== After studying law at Bonn Pesch entered the Society of Jesus in 1876. He made his novitiate with exiled German Jesuits in the Netherlands. For his studies of philosophy (1878-1881) Pesch was sent to Bleijenbeek, also in the Netherlands. He completed his theological studies at Ditton Hall (1884-1888). While in England Pesch lectured for a few years at the Stella Matutina school. He was ordained priest in 1888. From 1892 until 1900 Pesch was spiritual director at the Mainz seminary, where he wrote his first book ''Liberalism, Socialism and Christian Order''. Through lectures of the publicist Rudolf Meyer Pesch became acquainted with the teachings of Marx and Rodbertus. After a renewed study of economics with Schmoller and Wagner in Berlin (1900-1902), Pesch moved to Luxembourg and worked on his major opus ''Lehrbuch der Nationalökonomie''. He died in 1926. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heinrich Pesch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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